[关键词]
[摘要]
近年来，随着高效抗逆转录病毒治疗法(HAART)的广泛应用，人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)和获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)相关眼部并发症的发病率显著降低。而HIV感染者和AIDS患者数量逐年增加，且生存率提高、生存时间延长，这导致发生眼部并发症的患者绝对数增多。其相关眼部并发症临床表现多变，几乎影响所有眼部结构。目前我国对HIV感染者和AIDS患者的眼部病变缺乏大样本和长期的系统观察，且临床诊疗中有误诊和漏诊的情况发生，这不但延误治疗，而且极易引起医源性传播，故医务工作者应加强对HIV/AIDS的了解。本文对HIV/AIDS患者常见眼部非感染性、机会性感染并发症和免疫重建炎症反应综合征(IRIS)进行综述，探讨HIV/AIDS眼部并发症的表现和研究进展。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
In recent years,with the widespread application of highly effective antiretroviral therapy(HAART), the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)related eye complications was significantly reduced. The absolute number of patients infected with HIV and AIDS increased year by year, and the survival rate increased and the survival time prolonged. The clinical manifestations of associated ocular complications in these patients are variable, affecting almost all ocular structures. At present, there is a lack of large-scale and long-term systematic observation of eye lesions in HIV-infected and AIDS patients in China. Misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis occur in many hospitals and even in some of the top-three hospitals. This not only delays the treatment of patients, but also easily cause iatrogenic transmission. Therefore, ophthalmologists and even other medical workers should enhance their knowledge of HIV/AIDS. This paper reviews the common complications of non-infection, opportunistic infection, and immune reconstitution inflammatory response syndrome(IRIS)in the HIV/AIDS patients, and discusses the manifestations and research progress of posterior ocular complications of HIV/AIDS.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金(No.81460087)
