目的：比较角膜塑形镜联合视觉训练(orthokeratology combined with visual training，OCVT)、角膜塑形镜(orthokeratology，ortho-k)和单光框架眼镜(single vision spectacle lense，SVL)三种方式对儿童近视的干预效果。

方法：前瞻性非随机对照研究。选择2016-09/10在陕西省眼科研究所就诊的中低度近视儿童120例，其中37例进入OCVT组，43例进入ortho-k组，40例进入SVL组。分析并比较三组受试者干预前和干预后1a裸眼视力、眼轴长度、等效球镜的改变量。

结果：本研究共103例儿童完成试验(OCVT组31例，ortho-k组37例，SVL组35例)。三组间裸眼视力、眼轴长度、等效球镜干预前后的改变量比较，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)，SVL组受试者各参数的改善效果均低于ortho-k组和OCVT组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)，而OCVT组受试者各参数的改善效果均略优于ortho-k组，但两组之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与干预前相比，OCVT组受试者干预后1a裸眼视力大幅提高(P<0.05)，等效球镜度显著降低(P<0.05)，眼轴无显著增加(P>0.05)； ortho-k组受试者裸眼视力显著提高，等效球镜度显著降低，眼轴明显增加(P<0.05)； SVL组受试者裸眼视力显著下降，眼轴和等效球镜度均显著增加(P<0.05)。

结论：角膜塑形镜联合视觉训练对儿童近视有较好的控制效果，但视觉训练的时机、方法、时长和频次还有待进一步研究。

METHODS: A prospective, non-randomized, case-control study was performed from September to October 2016. One hundred and twenty myopic children were enrolled from the Shaanxi Eye Research Institute and divided into three groups, which consists of 37 in OCVT group, 43 in ortho-k group and 40 in SVL group. The changes of uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), axial length(AL)and spherical equivalent refractive error(SER)before and after 1a intervention were compared between the three groups.

RESULTS: A total of 103 children completed the study, 31 in OCVT group, 37 in ortho-k group, 35 in SVL group. The changes before and after intervention of UCVA, AL, SER were significant differences between the three groups separately(P<0.01). Furthermore, the improvement effect of each parameter in the SVL group was worse than that in the OCVT group and the ortho-k group(P<0.05). Although the improvement effect in the OCVT group was slightly better than the ortho-k group, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). After 1a intervention, UCVA was greatly improved(P<0.05), SER was reduced(P<0.05), but AL was not significantly changed(P>0.05)in the OCVT group. In ortho-k group, UCVA was improved, SER was reduced, and AL increased significantly(all P<0.05). UCVA decreased, as well as AL and SER increased significantly in the SVL group(all P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: Orthokeratology combined with visual training has a good control effect on myopic children, but the timing, method, time length and frequency of visual training still need further study.