目的：研究临夏州青少年近视患病率情况及影响近视发生的因素。

方法：采用整群抽样方法抽取6～18岁青少年8 683例作为研究对象，检测其视力、屈光度等，同时采用调查问卷收集其性别、年龄、民族、用眼习惯等资料。

结果：本次调查研究纳入的研究对象近视患病率为42.80%，不同民族研究对象近视患病率分别为藏族(59.05%)、汉族(46.71%)、东乡族(46.36%)、土族(45.24%)、撒拉族(41.30%)、保安族(40.61%)、回族(31.97%)，差异有统计学意义(χ²=44.08，P=0.007)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明课间休息时在室外活动是近视的保护因素，而年龄、周末及节假日使用电子产品、在家学习使用房间同一照明是近视的危险因素。

结论：临夏州青少年近视患病率随年龄增大而升高，不同民族青少年近视患病率存在差异。教育部门与家庭应共同努力，增加青少年户外活动时间，改善青少年用眼环境，减缓青少年近视的发生发展。

METHODS: Totally 8 683 juvenile students who were 6-18 years old were extracted as respondent with stratified cluster sampling method. The eyesight, diopter and axial length were detected, and the gender, age, ethnicity, eye behavior were collected by self-made questionnaire.

RESULTS: The prevalence of myopia was 42.80%. The myopic rates of all ethnic groups were as follows: Tibetan Nationality: 59.05%, Han Nationality: 46.71%, Dongxiang Nationality: 46.36%, Tu Nationality: 45.24%, Sala Nationality: 41.30%, Baoan nationality: 40.61%, Hui Nationality: 31.97%. Myopia rate between each ethnic groups had statistical difference(χ²=44.08, P=0.007). Multivariate analyses revealed that outdoor activities during the break was the protect factor for myopia; age, using electronic products on weekends and holidays, using the same lighting in room while studying were risk factors for myopia.

CONCLUSION: The prevalence of myopia increase with age in Linxia. The prevalence in different ethnic groups is different. Education department and family should make joint efforts to increase the outdoor time, improve the environment for teenagers to reduce the occurrence and development of myopia.