目的：研究农村转诊中心到访以病人机械性眼损伤模式。

方法：本研究在Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College(RPGMC)， Kangra(Himachal Pradesh)眼科进行。研究从2013-01-01/2013-12-31，周期12mo，包括数据收集、整理、描述、分析和解释，然后进行为期1mo的随访。前瞻性研究，包括200例机械性眼损伤的患者，所有患者都接受了问卷调查，并进行详细的眼部检查。根据国际眼损伤类型分为开放性眼球损伤和闭合性眼部损伤。受损的眼睑、泪腺以及颅神经麻痹视为独立存在，通过MS Excel 2007表格使用Epi info7软件进行数据分析。

结果：在研究期间，共接收门诊患者21 710例，其中200例为机械性眼损伤，占门诊总人数的0.921%。患者年龄为1～80(平均33.12±20.48)岁。151(75.5%)例男性，49(24.5%)例女性患者，男女比例为3：1。200例受试者中，眼部损伤情况分别为：家中(100眼)、运动场所(29眼)、职业损伤(29眼)、道路交通事故(38眼)、暴力冲突(10眼)、学校(3眼)、宗教场所踩踏事故(1眼)。就诊时视力达到6/12的有47%，<6/12～6/36有13.5%，<6/36～1/60有6%，<1/60～光感有22%，无光感的4%。7.5%患者视力无法通过国际标准视力表评估。大多数患者为闭合性眼部损伤(54.5%)，涉及眼睑、泪腺(23%)，开放性眼部损伤为19.5%，3%累及颅神经。

结论：眼部机械性损伤是造成单眼失明的常见病因，具有可预防性。

METHODS: The study was conducted in the department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College(RPGMC), Kangra(Himachal Pradesh)for a period of 12mo from 1^st Jan 2013-31^st Dec 2013 which included data collection, data organization, presentation, data analysis and data interpretation followed by a period of follow up extending to a period of 1mo. A total of 200 patients were studied which included all patients of mechanical ocular injuries that visited our department either directly or were referred from other public or private institutions during the study period. It was a prospective study in which all the patients were interviewed with the aid of a questionnaire and underwent a detailed ocular examination. The injuries were classified according to the international ocular trauma classification into open globe and closed globe injuries. The injuries of the lid and adnexa and the cranial nerve palsies were considered as separate entities and data analysis was done with MS Excel 2007 worksheet using the Epi info7 software.

RESULTS: A total of 21,710 patients attended the out-patient department(OPD)during the study period out of which 200 patients were of mechanical ocular trauma which formed 0.921% of the total OPD attendance. The patients ranged in age from 1-80y with a mean age and standard deviation of 33.12±20.48y. In those patients 151 patients(75.5%)were males and 49(24.5%)were females. The male to female ratio was 3:1. Out of the 200 patients studied, 100 were injured at home, 19 in the playground, 29 had occupational injuries, 38 were injured in road side accidents, 10 were injured due to assault, 3 at school and 1 patient was injured during a stampede that occurred in a religious camp. The visual acuity at presentation was upto 6/12 in 47%, <6/12 to 6/36 in 13.5%, <6/36-1/60 in 6%, <1/60 to PL(perceive light)positive in 22% and PL negative in 4% patients. In 7.5% patients the visual acuity could not be assessed on the Snellen's chart. Most of the patients had closed globe injuries(54.5%)followed by involvement of the lid and adnexa(23%). And 19.5% had open globe injuries and 3% had involvement of the cranial nerves.

CONCLUSION: Ocular injuries are common and preventable causes of monocular blindness.