儿童和青少年眼球生物学相关参数分析

Analysis of related parameters of ocular biometric values in children and adolescents

摘要:

目的： 探讨儿童和青少年眼轴长度(axial length，AL)、角膜厚度(center corneal thickness，CCT)、前房深度(anterior chamber depth，ACD)、晶状体厚度(lens thickness，LT)、白对白距离(white-to-white distance，WWD)和瞳孔直径(pupil diameter，PD)等眼球结构参数与年龄、性别的关系。

方法： 对2011-06/2013-10以来我院就诊的儿童和青少年患者413例826眼按照年龄分为3组：Ⅰ组≤5岁，Ⅱ组5～<10岁，Ⅲ组≥10岁以上； 按照性别分为两组：男200例400眼，女213例426眼； 采用Lenstar LS900 非接触式光学长度测量对受试者进行测量，取得AL、CCT、ACD、LT、WWD、PD值。用LSD-t法和SNK-q法进行比较年龄组和性别组间的差别， Pearson 相关系数评估儿童和青少年 AL、CCT、ACD、LT、WWD、PD相关参数的关系。

结果： CCT这项参数在不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义，年龄越大，CCT值越大，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别间的ACD和AL参数差异有统计学意义，男性较女性的ACD值和AL值大。CCT与WWD和PD存在正相关( r=0.208、0.167，P<0.05)。ACD与AL、WWD、PD存在正相关(r=0.620、0.238、0.192，P<0.05)，LT与ACD、AL、WWD存在负相关(r=-0.271、-0.186、-0.227，P<0.05)。WWD与PD存在正相关(r=0.273，P<0.05)。

结论：CCT 随着年龄增长表现为逐渐变厚的趋势。男性较女性的ACD值和AL值大。CCT与WWD和PD存在正相关； ACD与AL、WWD、PD存在正相关，LT与ACD、AL、WWD存在负相关； WWD与PD存在正相关。

Abstract:

AIM: To measure ocular biometric values with sexual and age and determine the relationship between the differences using the Lenstar 900.

METHODS: Totally 413 myopes 826 eyes, 200 males(400 eyes)and 213 females(426 eyes), were enrolled in this study and were divided into 3 groups: Group Ⅰ(<5 years), Group Ⅱ(5-10 years), Group Ⅲ(>10 years). Central corneal thickness(CCT), anterior chamber depth(ACD), lens thickness(LT), axial length(AL), white-to-white distance(WWD)and pupil diameter(PD)were measured by Lenstar 900. The differences between age groups and gender groups were compared using the LSD and SNKk methods in variance analysis. Pearson correlation coefficient to assess AL, CCT, ACD, LT, WWD, PD in children and adolescents.

RESULTS: There were significant difference in CCT between ages groups(P<0.05)which increased with the age. There were significant differences both in ACD and AL between sexual groups. With analysis of Person, CCT showed a significantly positive correlation with WWD and PD(r=0.208, 0.167; P<0.05)and ACD showed a significantly positive correlation with AL, WWD, PD(r=0.620, 0.238, 0.192; P<0.05). LT showed a significantly negative correlation with ACD, AL and WWD(r=-0.271, -0.186, -0.227; P<0.05). WWD showed a significantly positive correlation with PD(r=0.273, P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:CCT has gradually thickening trend with ages. Men are more than women in ACD and AL. CCT shows positive correlation with WWD and PD and ACD shows positive correlation with AL, WWD, PD. LT shows negative correlation with ACD, AL and WWD. WWD showed positive correlation with PD.