方法：采用回顾性系列病例研究设计，收集2015-09/2016-05在仙桃市第一人民医院眼科就诊，完成脉络膜厚度测量、眼轴测量及常规屈光检查的屈光参差患者66例。按双眼等效球镜差进行分组：第一组：双眼等效球镜差<1D，共22例，其中男13例，女9例，年龄7～14岁； 第二组：双眼等效球镜差为1～2.5D，共22例，其中男12例，女10例，年龄7～16岁； 第三组：双眼等效球镜差为<2.5～5.0D，共22例，其中男12例，女10例，年龄7～18岁。

结果：三组患者间双眼屈光度差值、眼轴差值、脉络膜厚度差值的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者间两两比较，屈光度差值、眼轴差值、脉络膜厚度差值的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第一组患者中双眼屈光度差值与眼轴和脉络膜厚度差值，无显著相关关系(r=0.192，P=0.396； r=0.182，P=0.418)。第二组患者中双眼屈光度差值与眼轴差值呈正相关关系(r=0.582，P<0.01)； 与脉络膜厚度差值呈正相关关系(r=0.658，P<0.01)； 第三组患者中双眼屈光度差值与眼轴差值呈正相关关系(r=0.912，P<0.01)； 与脉络膜厚度差值呈正相关关系(r=0.967，P<0.01)。三组患者合并分析双眼屈光度差值与眼轴差值呈正相关关系(r=0.965，P<0.01)，与脉络膜厚度差值呈正相关关系(r=0.968，P<0.01)。

结论：不同程度屈光参差患者双眼脉络膜厚度都存在明显差异。屈光参差程度越大，脉络膜厚度差异与屈光度差值的相关性更强。

METHODS: A retrospective serial cases analysis was performed. Sixty-six anisometropia patients who accepted measurement of choroidal thickness and axial length were recruited in First People's Hospital of Xiantao from Sep.2015 to May 2016. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the difference of diopter. Group 1: the difference of diopter <1.00D, 13 males and 9 females, aged 7-14 years old. Group 2: the difference of diopter >1.00D and <2.50D, 12 males and 10 females, aged 7-16 years old. Group 3: the difference of diopter >2.50D and <5.0D, 12 males and 10 females, aged 7-18 years old.

RESULTS: The difference of diopter and subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)showed statistically significant difference between 3 groups. In group 1, the difference of diopter showed no significant correlation with the difference of axial length and SFCT(r=0.192, P=0.396; r=0.182, P=0.418). In group 2, the difference of diopter showed positive correlation with the difference of axial length(r=0.582, P<0.01), and SFCT(r=0.658, P<0.01). In group 3, the difference of diopter showed positive correlation with the difference of axial length(r=0.912, P<0.01), and SFCT(r=0.967, P<0.01).

CONCLUSION: The diopter, axial length and SFCT of two eyes show statistically significant difference in different extent anisometropia. The greater the extent of anisometropia, the stronger the correction of SFCT and diopter.