方法：对本院2003-07/09收治的受伤时间在24h以内的45例45眼眼球穿通伤患者的前房水或玻璃体进行细菌培养及药敏实验，并对其结果进行分析。

结果：共15例(33.3%)(玻璃体培养8例、房水培养7例)细菌培养结果阳性，其中10例为表皮葡萄球菌(67.7%)。所有细菌均对环丙沙星、氧氟沙星敏感，对头孢哌酮较为敏感，大部分对庆大霉素、氯霉素、利福平耐药。球内有异物存留(χ²=6.544，P=0.016)、伤口累及巩膜(χ²=4.5，P=0.034)者细菌培养结果阳性率高，而致伤物类型(χ²=1.667，P=0.197)、有无合并晶状体损伤(χ²=1.125，P=0.352)、取材部位(χ²=1.667，P=0.197)对细菌培养结果无明显影响。

结论：表皮葡萄球菌是眼球穿通伤后进入眼内的主要细菌。对眼球穿通伤患者预防性用药可首选喹诺酮类药物，次选头孢哌酮。

METHODS: Aqueous humor or vitreous specimens were collected from 45 eyes of 45 patients with penetrating ocular trauma before operations. The specimens were prepared for bacterial culture and the associated sensitivity tests to several commonly used antibiotics.

RESULTS: Fifteen eyes of all the patients were found to be positive with bacterial infection, and the most frequently identified bacteria was staphylococcus epidermidis, which accounted for 67.7%(10/15)of all identified cases. All identified bacteria were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, and less sensitive to cefoperazone. Most of them were resistant to gentamycin, rifampin and chloramphenicol. Accompanying intraocular foreign body or sclera wound were associated with positive bacterial cultures(χ₁²=6.544, P₁=0.016; χ₂²=4.5, P₂=0.034). Causes of injury(χ²=1.667,P=0.197), lens rupture(χ²=1.125,P=0.352)or locations where the specimen was collected(χ²=1.667,P=0.197)did not contribute to the difference in the positive rates of bacterial cultures.

CONCLUSION:In patients with penetrating ocular trauma, the major bacteria entering into the eye was staphylococcus epidermidis. Fluro-Quinolones can be used as the first-line antibiotics for prophylactic treatment. Cefoperazone can be taken as a second choice.