直接检眼镜在社区糖尿病视网膜病变筛查中的临床意义

Role of direct funduscopy in screening for diabetic retinopathy in communities

摘要:

目的：探讨直接检眼镜在社区糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy，DR)筛查中的临床价值。

方法：将社区糖尿病患者265例快速散瞳后，使用直接检眼镜进行眼底检查，DR阳性者转诊上级医院进行荧光眼底血管造影(fluorescence fundus angiography，FFA)检查。

结果：糖尿病患者265例中，DR患者79例，阳性率为29.8%，其中非增生型(non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy，NPDR)患者46例，增生型(proliferative diabetic retinopathy，PDR)患者33例，阳性率分别17.4% 和12.5%。DR阳性患者转诊后均经FFA确诊，其中，3例NPDR确诊为PDR，22例DR患者接受了激光治疗。

结论：使用直接检眼镜对社区糖尿病患者进行常规检查，可以提高DR早期发现率，在社区医生中普及检眼镜检查技术非常必要。

Abstract:

AIM:To observe the application of direct funduscopy in screening for diabetic retinopathy in communities.

METHODS:After mydriasis, 265 patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)in communities were examined for fundus by direct funduscopy. The patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR)were further received fluorescence fundus angiography(FFA)after referral to superior hospitals.

RESULTS:Within the 265 patients with DM, 79 patients were diagnosed as DR and the positive rate of DR was 29.8%. Among the patients with DR, there were 46 patients with non- proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)and 33 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR); the positive rate was respectively 17.4% and 12.5%. All patients with DR were further diagnosed by FFA after referral. Three patients with NPDR were diagnosed with PDR, and 22 patients received laser treatment.

CONCLUSION:Ordinary application of direct funduscopy in patients with DM in communities would early detect the DR. It is very necessary to master direct funduscopy for general practitioners.