方法：对2011-01/2014-12在汕头4家医院NICU住院的1 813例出生体重≤2 000g的低出生体重儿或胎龄≤34周的早产儿采用双目间接眼底镜和(或)广角数码儿童成像系统(RetCamⅡ)进行ROP筛查，所有患儿随访至视网膜完全血管化或病变退化。

结果：发现ROP 202例388眼， 占筛查总例数11.14%。其中重症ROP(阈值前期Ⅰ型或阈值期)43例85眼，占筛查总例数2.37%。出生体重<1 500g新生儿408例，重症ROP 34例67眼，占全部重症ROP病例的79.07%。GEE模型分析结果表明，低出生体重、小胎龄及吸氧是ROP的高危因素。

结论：汕头地区ROP检出率11.14%，但重症ROP检出率较低，主要发生于出生体重<1500g低出生体重儿和出生胎龄≤34周的早产儿。低出生体重、小胎龄及吸氧是ROP的高危因素。

METHODS: A total of 1 813 infants with birth weight ≤2 000g or gestational age ≤34wk in neonatal intensive care units(NICU)of four hospitals in Shantou were screened with binocular indirect ophthalmoscope and(or)wild-field digital pediatric retinal imaging system(RetCamⅡ )from January 2011 to December 2014. All infants were followed up until the retina was completely vascularized or until the disease regressed.

RESULTS:In all infants, ROP was detected in 388 eyes of 202 cases(11.14%), including 85 eyes of 43 cases(2.37%)suffering from severe ROP(threshold or pre-threshold type Ⅰ ROP). 34 severe cases(67 eyes)were screened out in 408 infants with birth weight <1 500g, accounted for 79.07% in all severe cases. GEE model analysis indicated that low birth weight, small gestational age and oxygen therapy were high risk factors of ROP.

CONCLUSION:The detection rate of ROP is 11.14% in Shantou NICU. However, the detection rate of severe ROP is lower, mainly in the infants with birth weight <1 500g and gestational age ≤34wk; Low birth weight, small gestational age and oxygen therapy are high risk factors of ROP.