方法：学龄儿童217名。一年级组(6～9岁)94人、四年级组(10～12岁)123人。采用电脑验光仪RM-8000筛查儿童屈光度，评估小瞳孔验光在筛查中的准确度。

结果：不同年龄组：散瞳前后一年级组球镜及柱镜差异，四年级组球镜差值均有统计学意义(P<0.05)，四年级组柱镜差值无统计学意义(P>0.05)； 不同屈光类型：散瞳前后近视组球镜、等效球镜差值分别为0.263±0.618，0.216±0.653D，有统计学意义(P<0.01)； 远视组球镜、等效球镜差值分别为0.947±0.946，1.039±0.984D，有统计学意义(P=0.000)。两组柱镜差值均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。小瞳孔电脑验光选择≤-1.00D，≥-0.50D分别作为儿童近视，远视诊断界值准确度较好，Youden指数分别为0.672，0.580。

结论：小瞳孔下验光可作为筛查儿童屈光不正的有效方法，但若为验光配镜，学龄儿童必须散瞳。

METHODS: Totally 217 school-age children were selected, included 94 first-grade students(6～8 years old)and 123 fourth-grade students(9～12 years old). Refractive diopter was measured with automatic refractor RM-8000 to evaluate the accuracy of micocoria optometry in screening ametropia.

RESULTS: After cycloplegia, both the mean sphere diopter and cylinder diopter in grade one students changed significantly(P<0.05), the mean sphere diopter in grade four students changed significantly(P<0.05), while the mean cylinder diopter had no statistical difference(P>0.05)in grade four students. Different refractive type: before and after mydriasis spherical myopia, spherical equivalent difference was 0.263±0.618 and 0.216±0.653D, with statistical significance(P<0.01); In hyperopia group, spherical myopia, spherical equivalent difference was 0.947±0.946 and 1.039±0.984D, with statistical significance(P=0.000). The lenticular difference between the two groups were not statistically different(P>0.05). Choosing small pupil computer optometry for ≤-1.00D, ≥-0.50D child myopia or hyperopia could get more accurate value of diagnostic cutoffs, Youden index was 0.672 and 0.580.

CONCLUSION: Microcoria optometry can be as a effective method of screening of children with ametropia, but if for optometry, school-age children must accept mydriasis.