方法：回顾性分析在本院确诊56例屈光不正性弱视患儿的病例资料，以同期就诊的56例正常儿童作为对照组。采用光学相干断层扫描仪(OCT)对患儿MFT和RNFL厚度进行测量，并对比分析两组MFT和RNFL厚度变化。相关数据采用统计学分析。

结果：两组的性别、年龄、眼轴均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。弱视组和对照组的MFT分别为135.15±15.15μm和136.14±14.26μm，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。弱视组和对照组的RNFL厚度分别为117.02±8.97μm和110.43±7.94μm，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组RNFL厚度与眼轴呈明显负相关(r=-0.36，P<0.05)，而在弱视组两者无明显相关性(r=0.11，P>0.05)。

结论：屈光不正性弱视患儿的MFT较正常儿童眼无明显改变，而RNFL厚度较正常眼明显增厚，并且与眼轴无相关性。

METHODS: The medical records of 56 children with ametropic amblyopia and 56 normal children in our hospital during the same period were retrospectively analyzed. Optical coherence tomography(OCT)was used to measure the MFT and RNFL. The MFT and RNFL change in two groups were statistically evaluated.

RESULTS: The sex, age and axial length were no significant difference between amblyopia group and control group(P>0.05). The MFT in amblyopia group and control group were 135.15±15.15μm, 136.14±14.26μm respectively(P>0.05). The RNFL in amblyopia group and control group were 117.02±8.97μm, 110.43±7.94μm respectively, and there was significant difference(P<0.05). There was negative correlation between RNFL and axial length in control group(r=-0.36, P<0.05), but there was no significant correlation in amblyopiagroup(r=0.11, P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: There are no significant changes in MFT between children with ametropic amblyopia and normal children, but RNFL is thicker in amblyopia group than that in control group, and there is no correlation with axial length.