方法：选取2013-01/2014-05来本院眼科就诊患者，挑选志愿参与研究并且处于18～28岁年龄段，矫正视力≥1.0，眼内压≤21mmHg的青少年，共计276例276眼纳入本次研究。视力情况分布为：正视49眼，低度近视72眼，中度近视104眼，高度近视51眼。使用三维光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography，OCT)仪器对黄斑中心区厚度，内环、外环的颞、上、鼻、下各个区域的厚度，黄斑区视网膜平均厚度，黄斑中心凹厚度以及视网膜体积进行检测，将正视，高、中、低度近视人群的眼球黄斑各部位厚度与视力情况的相关性进行统计学分析。

结果：正视组与低、中、高度近视组的黄斑中心区厚度分别为(225.38±20.97)μm，(230.97±19.15)μm，(227.01±16.92)μm，(231.91±18.97)μm，黄斑区视网膜平均厚度分别为(280.92±12.71)μm，(278.15±11.90)μm，(270.05±12.07)μm，(267.93±11.08)μm。低、中、高度近视组与正视组的黄斑中心区厚度差异(F=1.253，P=0.291)及中心凹厚度差异(F=1.034，P=0.378)均无统计学意义。中度近视组的黄斑内环、外环与正视组相比，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低、中、高度近视组组间比较，中度近视组黄斑的内环、外环各象限视网膜厚度与低度近视组相比明显增厚，差异具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。而与高度近视组相比，黄斑内环、外环各象限视网膜厚度差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：对于矫正视力正常的近视青少年患者，其黄斑中心的视网膜仍保持正常厚度，但随着近视程度的加深，其它视区的视网膜厚度逐渐变薄，并且变薄的量从黄斑外环向内环逐渐增加。

METHODS: The 276 teenagers(276 eyes)between 18～28 years treated in our hospital from January, 2013 to May, 2014 were selected, whose corrective visual acuity was ≥1.0 and intraocular preasure was ≤21mmHg and who were willing to participate in this research. Forty-nine emmetropic, 72 low myopic, 104 moderate myopic and 51 highly myopic eyes were measured by optical coherence tomography(OCT)to detect the central subfield thickness, bitamporal, superior, lateral and inferior region thickness of inner and outer region, average thickness of retinal macula, foveal thickness and retinal volume. The thickness of different parts of macula lutea was measured and statistically compared among emmetropic, low myopic, moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes.

RESULTS: The central subfield thickness of emmetropic, low myopic, moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes were(225.38±20.97),(230.97±19.15),(227.01±16.92),(231.91±18.97)μm. The average thickness of retinal macula,of emmetropic, low myopic, moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes were(280.92±12.71),(278.15±11.90),(270.05±12.07),(267.93±11.08)μm. There were no significant differences of center thickness(F=1.253, P=0.291)and central subfield thickness(F=1.034, P=0.378)between emmetropic, low myopic, moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes. The macular thickness of inner and outer region in moderate myopic eyes was significantly less than that in emmetropic eyes, and there was significant difference(P<0.05). Comparison between low myopic, moderate myopic and highly myopic eyes was carried out and macular thickness of all regions of inner and outer region in moderate myopic group was significantly increased, and there was significant difference(P<0.05). There was no significant difference when compared with the macular thickness of inner and outer region of the highly myopic group(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: In low myopic eyes of teenagers, the center macular thickness do not become thinner. However, the macular thickness of inner and outer region is thinner than that of emmetropic eyes. Furthermore, with the increase of the degree of the myopia, the amount of macular thinner gradually decreases from outer region to inner region.