方法：调查统计2012-01/12乐山市6县1市4个区的17家综合性医院眼科开展白内障手术情况。调查内容：各医院开展白内障手术的相关设备、手术医师、白内障手术情况。根据患者手术经费来源、术式和手术切口不同分成白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入1组和2组、白内障囊外摘除及人工晶状体植入1组和2组，分别从患者术前检查、手术医师、手术方式、手术设备、植入人工晶状体类型、手术量、手术效果、术中并发症等方面比较分析。

结果：全市拥有相关设备：手术显微镜16台，裂隙灯显微镜43台，非接触式眼压计12台，IOL-Master 1台，眼A/B超8台，YAG激光4台，超声乳化仪12台。能独立完成白内障手术医生15人，其中白内障超声乳化手术医生5人。完成白内障总手术量6 211眼，其中白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入手术3 564眼，占总量57%(其中超乳1组为术前视力≥0.3者白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入手术1 520眼，占总量24%)，白内障囊外摘除及人工晶状体植入手术2 647眼，占总量43%(囊外1组为防盲白内障囊外摘除及人工晶状体植入手术1 533眼，占总量25%)。白内障手术脱盲率94.80%～100%，脱残率90.41%～100%，人工晶状体植入率94.96%～100%，术中并发症率1.00%～15.10%。

结论：全市开展白内障手术医师和设备分布不平衡，超乳设备使用率较低，不同级别医院白内障手术技术、手术量和手术效果参差不齐。白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术是主流手术方式，已部分性实现屈光性个性化白内障手术转变。全市白内障手术总体情况较好，但防盲白内障手术比率偏低，手术质量有待进一步提高。

METHODS: We surveyed the status of cataract surgery containing equipments, surgeons and surgery conditions in 17 ophthalmology departments of general hospitals from Leshan including 6 counties, 1 county-level city and 4 districts during 2012. Cataract surgery methods, according to various surgery financial resources, surgical performances and surgical incision, were divided into phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation(Phaco+IOL), extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation(ECCE+IOL), and each method contained 2 groups. We analyzed the outcomes following preoperative examination, surgeons, surgical methods, surgical equipments, types of IOL, surgical quantity, surgical results, and intraoperative complication.

RESULTS: In whole city there were 16 operating microscopes, 43 slit lamp microscopes, 12 non-contact tonometers, 1 intraocular lens Master, 8 optical A/B type ultrasonic examination systems, 4 YAG lasers and 12 phacoemulsification instruments. There 15 doctors could complete cataract surgery independently, and 5 of them were phacoemulsification surgeons. The total number of completed cataract surgeries reached 6 211 eyes, containing 3 564 eyes for Phaco+IOL(57%)(preoperative visual acuity ≥0.3 in Phaco+IOL1 were 1 520 eyes, 24%)and 2 647 eyes for ECCE+IOL(43%)(1 533 eyes in ECCE+IOL1, 25%). In various groups, off-blindness rate was 94.80%-100%, off-disability rate was 90.41%-100%, and 94.96%-100% received intraocular lens implantation, intraoperative complication rate was 1.00%-15.10%.

CONCLUSION: The distribution of surgeons and equipments in the whole city is unbalanced, and the utilization rate of phaco equipment is low. The levels are different in various hospitals on surgical technique, surgical quantity and surgical results. Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation is considered as the main therapy for cataract, and as a transition to dioptric and personalized cataract surgery. The surgical condition of the city is good, but the proportion of cataract surgery for prevention of blindness in Leshan city is low, and the surgical technique remains to be further improved.