浙江省中小学学生视力影响因素的调查分析

Influence of age, gender, urban and rural environments as well as physical activity factors on the eyesight of students

摘要:

目的：通过对浙江省中小学学生视力状况及其影响因素的调查，为提供保护学生视力指南提出科学依据。

方法：抽取6 600名7～17岁浙江省中小学学生，对其视力、身体活动态度和时间、看电脑电视时间等相关因素进行调查。视力测量采用对数视力表。

结果：浙江省中小学学生视力不良的比例为71.1%，超过同省2005年的水平，也超过同期全国的平均水平。7～17岁学生视力不良比例随年龄增长而增加，9岁儿童视力不良比例增速最快，女生视力不良比例高于男生。小学生和初中生的视力不具有城乡差异，城市高中生视力优于乡镇高中生。学生对体育运动的态度、学生的体育运动时间等因素都与学生视力有正面的影响，看电视电脑的时间对视力的影响不具有显著性。

结论：年龄、性别、城市化发展因素都会影响学生视力发展，且身体活动因素对学生视力的正面作用值得关注。

Abstract:

AIM:To survey the eyesight status of students in the Zhejiang Province of China and its influencing factors, thereby providing a recommendation for eyesight protection of pupils.

METHODS: Totally, 6600 school students aged from 7 to 17 in Zhejiang Province were included while their eyesight status in correlation with relevant factors such as physical activity attitude and duration spent with computer and TV were investigated. Visual inspection was performed by using standard logarithmic vision acuity charts.

RESULTS: The prevalence of poor vision among high, middle and primary school students in China's Zhejiang Province has reached 71.1%, exceeding its level of 2005 and also the national average level in the same period. The rate of poor vision among 7-17 years old students increased with age, being fastest in children aged 9 years old and the rate of poor vision in girls is higher than in boys. The eyesight of primary and junior school students was not significant different between urban and rural areas, while the eyesight of urban was better than that of rural high school students. The students' attitude toward sports and time spending with sports in addition to other factors had a positive effect, whereas time spent in front of TV and computer did not significantly affected their eyesights.

CONCLUSION: Age, sex and urbanization influence the development of students' eyesight and it is worth to pay close attention to the positive effects of physical activity.