方法： 纳入2010-11/2011-12期间在我院内分泌科门诊就诊的768例2型DM患者。对所有患者采用免散瞳眼底照相机进行双侧眼底照相，并根据2002年DR国际临床分期标准将患者分为两组：DR组和非糖尿病视网膜病变组(non-diabetic retinopathy group， NDR)。采集病史，测量身高、体质量和血压，测定空腹静脉血浆葡萄糖(fasting plasma glucose，FPG)、血脂、糖化血红蛋白(glycated hemoglobin A1c，HbA1c)和尿酸(uric acid，UA)。

结果：选取768例DM患者中DR患者317例，检出率为41.3%，女性DM患者DR的检出率明显高于男性患者(45.2% vs 37.6%， P<0.05)。与NDR组相比，DR组年龄较大，病程较长，收缩压(systolic blood pressure，SBP)、FPG、甘油三酯(TG)、HbA1c、UA水平较高(P<0.05)。二项Logistic回归分析进一步显示，病程、性别、SBP和HbA1c为DM患者发生DR的独立危险因素。

结论：DM患者常常并发DR，其发生与病程、性别、血压和血糖关系密切。免散瞳眼底照相技术是一种较理想的DR筛查方法。

METHODS:A total of 768 patients with DM type 2 treated in the department of endocrinology in our hospital from November 2010 to December 2011 were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent non-mydriatic fundus photography, and were divided into two groups: non-diabetic retinopathy group(NDR group)and DR group, in accordance with the international clinical staging standard of DR released in 2002. Weight, height, blood pressure and medical history were recorded. Serum levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG), lipids, glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and uric acid(UA)were measured.

RESULTS: Totally 317 out of 768 DM patients(41.3%)were diagnosed with DR. The detection rate in women was significantly higher than that in men(45.2% vs 37.6%, P<0.05). Compared with NDR group, DR group had older age, longer course and higher systolic blood pressure(SBP), FPG, Triglycerides(TG), HbA1c and UA level(P<0.05). Dinary logistic regression analysis showed that duration, gender, SBP and HbA1c were independent risk factors of DR in DM patients.

CONCLUSION:DR in DM patients is quite common and closely associated with duration, gender, blood pressure and glucose. Non-mydriatic fundus photography is a quite useful method for screening DR.