方法：顺序统计眼科门诊儿童患者(7～13岁)128例，采用改良的眼表疾病指数(OSDI)调查表及泪膜破裂时间(BUT)评价干眼患病率及严重程度。

结果：本组儿童总体干眼患病率为19.5%，其中7～10岁组儿童64例，干眼患病率为15.6%； 11～13岁组儿童64例，干眼患病率为23.4%。7～10岁组儿童OSDI平均为1.55±0.61，11～13岁组儿童OSDI平均为2.15±0.83，两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。7～10岁组儿童BUT平均为12.05±3.25s，11～13岁组儿童BUT平均为10.05±2.97s，两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。每天使用视觉显示终端超过2h组儿童干眼患病率为43.3%，对照组为12.2%； 近3mo曾患结膜炎组儿童干眼患病率为26.3%，对照组为8.3%； 组间OSDI及BUT差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：相当一部分儿童患者合并干眼，其发生与患儿年龄、过度使用视觉显示终端及罹患结膜炎相关。

METHODS: There were 128 cases of ophthalmology pediatric outpatients(7-13 years)enrolled in this study in an order-statistic manner. Modified ocular surface disease index(OSDI)questionnaire and the tear film breakup time(BUT)were used to evaluate the prevalence of dry eye and severity.

RESULTS: The overall prevalence of dry eye in this study was 19.5%, of which 64 cases(15.6%)of children belongs to 7-10 years old group; another 64 cases(23.4%)of children belongs to 11-13 years old group. OSDI averaged 2.15±0.83 in 11-13 years old group, which was higher than that of 7-10 years old group(1.55±0.61). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). In contrast, BUT averaged 10.05±2.97s in 11-13 years old group, which was shorter than that of 7-10 years old group(12.05±3.25s). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). Those children who used visual display terminals over 2h every day had dry eye prevalence higher than that of the control group(43.3% vs 12.2%). Similarly, those who suffered from conjunctivitis during the recently three months had dry eye prevalence higher than that of the control group(26.3% vs 8.3%). The differences of OSDI and BUT between groups of each case were statistically significant(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: A considerable number of pediatric patients suffered from dry eye. Growing age, excessive use of visual display terminals and conjunctivitis are important risk factors.