白内障超声乳化手术与角膜内皮细胞损伤

Cataract phacoemulsification and corneal endothelial cell damage

摘要:

白内障是目前眼科最常见的致盲性眼病，超声乳化手术以切口小、反应轻、术后恢复快已被世界公认为最先进而成熟的主流手术方式。现代白内障手术从复明手术逐渐向以改善视功能为目标的屈光性手术发展。角膜作为屈光系统中最重要的组织，其透明度的维持很大程度上取决于角膜内皮细胞的功能，白内障手术不可避免地在一定程度上损伤角膜内皮细胞，由此引起的角膜水肿、混浊甚至失代偿等并发症严重的影响了白内障患者术后视力的改善，本文对白内障超声乳化手术及其角膜内皮细胞损伤因素进行综述。

Abstract:

Phacoemulsification with small incision, reduced number of inflammation cells, and better postoperative recovery has been recognized as the world's most popular option for cataract surgery. Modern cataract surgery is developing gradually from sight rehabilitating to refractive surgery with better vision acuity. Being the most important part of the eye refractive system, maintenance of the cornea's transparency relies heavily upon the healthy endothelial cells. It is well known that there will be endothelial cell loss after phacoemulsification and the damage of the endothelial cells may lead to corneal swellings and opacity, or even the corneal descompensation, which often severely influenced the postoperative vision recovery. This is a review of phacoemulsification and the risk factors of corneal endothelial damage pre-and postoperation.