方法：采用前瞻性研究，选取单纯性中度近视眼患者39例56眼， 将其分为两组：A组为中度曲率性近视眼组(11例/16眼)，平均年龄22±2岁，平均眼轴长度23.89±0.13mm，平均角膜曲率45.56±0.95D，平均屈光度4.58±0.82D； B组为轴性近视眼组共28例40眼，平均年龄22±3岁，平均眼轴长度25.82±0.44mm，平均角膜曲率41.93±0.85D，平均屈光度4.50±0.78D。利用波前像差仪获取入选患眼瞳孔分别为4，5，6mm时高阶像差值，进行分组比较。

结果：A，B两组平均年龄与平均屈光度比较，差异无显著性(P>0.05)； 两组平均角膜曲率与平均眼轴长比较，差异有显著性(P<0.05)。A组与B组在瞳孔为6mm时RMS3，RMS4，RMS6，RMSh，C12值比较，A组/B组分别为：0.165±0.064/0.098±0.045，0.127±0.034/0.059±0.025，0.040±0.014/0.028±0.010，0.218±0.059/0.129±0.040，0.137±0.057/0.048±0.037，差异有显著性(P<0.05)。其余不同直径瞳孔下的高阶像差各值比较，前者均高于后者，差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。

结论：在正常及中度散大瞳孔下，中度近视眼中曲率性近视的彗差、球差、次级球差及总高阶像差均较轴性近视眼为大。

METHODS: It was a prospective study. Totally 39 moderate myopic subjects(56 eyes, myopia with no astigmatism)participated in this study and were divided into two groups: group A was moderate curvature myopia group(11 patients,16 eyes),with average age 22±2 years, mean axial length of 23.89±0.13mm, mean corneal curvature 45.56±0.95D and mean diopter -4.58±0.82D. Group B was moderate axial myopia group(53 patients, 79 eyes), with average age 22±3 years, mean axial length of 25.82±0.44mm, mean corneal curvature 41.93±0.85D and mean diopter -4.50±0.78D. The values of higher order aberrations were analyzed at different pupil diameters between the two groups.

RESULTS: The comparison on mean age between the two groups had nosignificant difference as well as that on mean diopter(P>0.05). The comparisons on both average curvature of cornea and mean axial length showed significant differences(P<0.05), respectively. The values of RMS3, RMS4, RMS6, RMSh and C12 of the two groups(Group A/Group B)were 0.165±0.064/0.098±0.045, 0.127±0.034/0.059±0.025, 0.040±0.014/0.028±0.010, 0.218±0.059/0.129±0.040 and 0.137±0.057/0.048±0.037, respectively, when pupil diameter was 6mm and the comparison of the two groups had significant differences(P<0.05). Meanwhile the comparisons of ocular higher order aberrations on group A and group B also presented significant differences(P<0.05), with the former higher than the latter.

CONCLUSION: Curvature myopia had more coma, spherical aberration, secondary spherical aberration and total higher order aberrations than axial myopia in moderate myopic eyes in normal and moderately dilated pupils.