目的：观察1~6月龄先天性泪道阻塞并泪囊炎的婴幼儿泪道探通治疗效果及泪道继发性粘连发生情况，按年龄分为1~3月龄组和3~6月龄组，对疗效及粘连发生率进行比较总结，确定最佳探通治疗时机。 方法：随机选取2007-06/2011-12期间来我院就诊的1~6月龄先天性泪道阻塞并泪囊炎患儿288例，其中男150例，女138例，单侧230例，双侧58例，年龄30~180（平均86.66±40.55）天龄。将患儿按照年龄段分为2组：第1组（观察组）1~3月龄，173例；第2组（对照组）3~6月龄，115例。两组治疗方法相同，用10g/L丁卡因表面麻醉泪小点，适当扩张下泪小点，用外径0.5mm或0.6mm带侧孔的圆头冲洗式探针常规操作冲洗探通泪道，但是探针进入泪囊后与水平线夹角应保持75°~85°，探通泪道成功后，将探针留置在泪道30~60min扩张泪道。拔除探针时患儿采取俯卧位，尽量冲净泪道残留分泌物及细胞碎屑。探通过程中记录泪道粘连情况，术后4~6d复诊冲洗泪道，观察、巩固疗效。随诊3~6mo，对两组疗效及泪道出现继发性粘连情况进行比较。 结果：第1组治愈率98.1%，泪道继发性粘连率29.3%。第2组治愈率82.6%，泪道继发性粘连率高达70.3%。通过统计学分析，两组疗效具有显著性差异，1~3月龄组疗效明显好于3~6月龄组；前者泪道继发性粘连发生率也明显低于后者。 结论：对于先天性泪道阻塞并泪囊炎的患儿提前到1~3mo内进行探通治疗效果很好，病情时间越长，泪道继发性粘连的机会愈多，疗效降低。以往多主张6月龄后再行泪道探通，通过临床观察，我们认为在1~3月龄内为最佳探通时间，适合在基层医院广泛推广应用。

AIM:To observe the treatment efficacy of 1-6 months age infantile congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction(CNLDO) and dacryocystitis by probing of lacrimal passage and the lacrimal secondary adhesion occurrence. And the children were divided into 1-3 months age group and 3-6 months age group, to compare the efficacy and the incidence of adhesion to determine the best opportunity of probing treatment. METHODS:Totally 288 cases of 1-6 months age with CNLDO and dacryocystitis were randomly selected from June 2007 to December 2011 in our hospital, including 150 male cases, 138 female cases,230 unilateral cases and 58 bilateral cases.The age distribution was 30-180 days, an average of 86.66±40.55 days. The children were divided into 2 groups according to age: first group of 1-3 months age,173 cases(observation group); second group of 3-6 months age, 115 cases(control group). Treatment methods of two groups were the same, with 1% tetracaine for topical anesthesia of the punctum, appropriate expansion of the inferior lacrimal punctum, routine operation of irrigation and probing of the lacrimal passage using round-head flushing probe with external diameter of 0.5mm or 0.6mm and measuring hole , but the probes included angle with the horizontal line maintained in 75°-85°after its entering into the lacrimal sac, and the probe retained for 30-60 minutes to dilate the lacrimal duct after successful probing of the lacrimal passage. The children took prone position for removal of the probes and the lacrimal residual secretion and cell debris were rinsed as completely as possible.The lacrimal adhesion was recorded in the process of probing of lacrimal passage. The lacrimal passage was rinsed again 4-6 days after operation to observe and consolidate the curative effect. Followed up for 3-6 months,the two groups were compared with curative effect and lacrimal secondary adhesions. RESULTS: The cure rate of first group was 98.1%, lacrimal secondary adhesion rate was 29.3%. The cure rate of second group was 82.6%, lacrimal secondary adhesion rate reached 70.3%. Through statistical analysis, the effect of two groups had significant difference, 1-3 months age group was significantly better than 3-6 months age group; the formers lacrimal secondary adhesion rate was lower than the latters. CONCLUSION:For CNLDO and dacryocystitis,the treatment effect of probing is very good in advance to 1-3 months age.The longer condition, the more lacrimal secondary adhesion opportunity, the lower efficacy. Previous claim was lacrimal passage probing after 6 months age.Through clinical observation, the author thinks that 1-3 months age is the optimal probing time, suitable for wide popularization and application in basic level hospital.