目的：分析泉州地区早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity，ROP)发病情况及高危因素。 方法：回顾2010-10/2011-09在我院NICU及眼科门诊进行视网膜病变筛查的383例早产儿眼底情况，并进行汇总分析。 结果：在筛查的383例早产儿中，发现ROP患儿53例（13.8%），均为双眼发病；其中阈值前Ⅰ型及阈值期病变光凝治疗22例（5.7%）；发展为5期病变1例（0.3%）；急进型2例（0.5%）。数据显示ROP的发病率及严重程度与出生体质量及胎龄呈负相关；尤其出生体质量与ROP的发生关系密切。 结论：低出生胎龄和体质量是ROP发生的根本性高危因素，对于低胎龄、低体质量的高危早产儿应规范进行眼底筛查。

AIM:To analyse the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Quanzhou region. METHODS:The fundus of 383 premature infants were reviewed,who were examined in Ophthalmology clinic and NICU from October 2010 to September 2011, and a meta-analysis was performed. RESULTS:In all the 383 premature infant cases, ROP was found in 53 cases, accounted for 13.8%, all binocular. Pre-threshold typeⅠROP in 22 cases, accounted for 5.7%, which were treated with photocoagulation therapy. The 5 period ROP was in 1 case, accounted for 0.3%. Aggressive posterior ROP was in 2 cases, accounted for 0.5%. Data also showed that the incidence and severity of ROP had a negative corrlation with birth weight and gestational age, especially birth weight. CONCLUSION:Low birth weight and gestational age are the fundamental risk factors of ROP. We should develop standard ROP screening for those high risk premature infants.