目的：通过检测高度近视性弱视者弱视眼黄斑区视网膜神经节细胞厚度，探讨该类弱视的程度与视网膜神经节细胞厚度的关系。 方法：选取先天性高度近视（10g/L阿托品眼膏散瞳后＞-4.00DS）并伴有弱视患者12例20眼。年龄3.5～15岁。采用傅立叶域光学相干断层扫描仪(fourier-domain optical coherence tomography,FD-OCT)测量弱视眼的黄斑区神经节细胞厚度以及黄斑区视网膜厚度，并比较神经节细胞层厚度占视网膜层厚度的比例与患者弱视及近视程度的相关。 结果：我们发现高度近视患者近视程度与最佳矫正视力无明显相关性，近视程度高的患者其神经节细胞层相对厚度有变薄现象。 结论：先天性近视性弱视的患者黄斑中心区神经节细胞层厚度占视网膜厚度的比例有下降。

AIM:To detect the relationship of macular retinal ganglion cell thickness with the extent of amblyopia in the highly myopic amblyopia patients. METHODS:Totally 12 patients (20 eyes) with congenital high myopia and amblyopia were measured by the 10g/L atropine mydriasis. Patientsˊ age was 3.5 to 15 years old. Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) were used to measure the macular ganglion cell thickness and macular retinal thickness, and compare the correlation of the ganglion cell layer thickness ratio of the total retinal thickness with amblyopia and myopia degree of the patients. RESULTS:The study found that there was no significant correlation between myopia degree of the patients with high myopia and best-corrected visual acuity. There was a phenomenon that the higher the degree of myopia the thinner the thickness of the ganglion cell layer. CONCLUSION:Patients with congenital myopic amblyopia has the decreased proportion of ganglion cells layer in macular center thickness.