双眼在一条或两条子午线上的屈光力存在差异时,称为屈光参差。屈光参差是导致儿童弱视的常见原因之一,且其发病率呈现随年龄逐渐上升的趋势。屈光参差的形成原因很多,不单是眼轴长度差异所致。屈光参差达到一定程度时造成融合困难,立体视下降,形成弱视。屈光参差性弱视的发病机制复杂,近年来通过磁共振来探讨其神经机制已取得一定成果。目前矫正屈光参差方法包括:框架眼镜、遮盖与药物治疗、硬性透氧性角膜接触镜(RGP)、屈光手术等,框架眼镜结合遮盖与药物治疗是最传统的治疗方法,但框架眼镜无法避免光学欠缺,RGP则克服了这一困难,而屈光手术直接作用于角膜,避免了光学像差,较框架眼镜和RGP更能改善立体视。

Anisometropia is when meridian is different in one or both eyes in refractive power.Anisometropia is a common cause of amblyopia in children.Its incidence shows a gradual upward trend with age.Anisometropia is not only due to differences in axial length but also other causes.Amblyopia is caused by integration difficulties and decreased stereopsis when anisometropia reached a certain degree.The pathogenesis of anisometropic amblyopia is complex.In recent years the neural mechanism has been achieved some results by magnetic resonance.At present correction methods of anisometropia included glasses,coverage and drug treatment,rigid gas permeable contact lenses (RGP),refractive surgery,et al.Glasses combined with coverage and drug treatment are the most traditional treatments.Glasses has weekness which can not be avoided but RGP can overcome this difficulty.Refractive surgery can avoid optical aberrations and improve stereopsis better than RGP and glasses.

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