高度近视眼进展与眼内压的相关分析

Correlation between the development of high myopia and intraocular pressure

摘要:

目的:通过对高度近视眼进展与眼内压的相关关系的分析,探讨高度近视眼与原发性开角型青光眼的内在联系。方法:选取高度近视眼患者104例208眼,随机平均分成2组,治疗组给予派立明眼药水滴眼降眼压治疗3次/d,对照组给予人工泪液滴眼3次/d。定期进行裸眼视力、矫正视力、自动验光仪散瞳验光、裂隙灯显微镜、眼底、视野检查以及A型超声波测量眼轴、非接触眼压计监测眼压,连续随访2a,比较两组在屈光状态、眼轴长度、眼内压、视野的差异。结果:随访2a两组视野并未呈现明显变化。治疗组平均眼内压13.25±4.43mmHg,平均屈光度-8.38±1.93D,对照组平均眼内压15.53±4.37mmHg,平均屈光度-9.32±1.81D,两组比较差异具有统计学意义;眼轴治疗组为25·94±1.08mm,对照组为25.56±1.02mm,两两比较差异无统计学意义。但随着眼轴的延长,高度近视眼的屈光度增加。结论:高度近视眼进展与眼内压可能有一定的内在联系,应重视对高度近视眼的眼内压监测,防止由于高度近视眼的眼底改变而漏诊青光眼。

Abstract:

AIM:To analyze the relation between the development of high myopia and intraocular pressure (IOP) and to investigate the internal relationship between high myopia and primary open angle glaucoma. METHODS: One hundred and four cases (208 eyes) were randomly divided into two groups. Treatment group received brinzolamide eye drops 3 times a day. Control group received artificial tears eye drops 3 times a day. We performed naked visual acuity, corrected visual acuity, the refractive condition with automatic refractor, slit-lamp microscope, fundus and visual field examination. IOP of each subject was measured with non-contact tonometer. The length of ocular axis was measured with A scan of ultrasound. Having been followed-up for 2 years, statistical analysis was taken to find the differences of two groups in the refractive status, axial length,IOP and visual field.RESULTS: Visual fields of the two groups presented a variety of forms and did not show significant changes in two years. There was statistically difference between the mean IOP or the mean diopter of the treatment group 13.25±4.43mmHg and that of the control group 15.53±4.37mmHg. No significant difference was found in axial lengths between the two groups. But with the axial extension, high myopia diopter increased. CONCLUSION: There may be certain relationship between the development of high myopia and IOP. We must pay more attention to the monitoring of IOP in high myopia and improve the proficiency of primary open angle glaucoma early detection. 