婴儿出生后早期先天性白内障摘除术后眼轴长度和角膜直径变化的研究

Study of changes in axial length and corneal diameter after cataract extraction in early childhood with congenital cataract

摘要:

目的:探讨婴儿出生3mo内行先天性白内障摘除术后至2.5岁阶段眼轴长度和角膜直径的变化。方法:对出生后3mo内行白内障摘除联合后囊膜连续环形撕开及前段玻璃体切割术患儿49例89眼(包括单眼9例)进行连续观察。分别在出生后6,12,18,24,30mo时测量术眼眼轴长度和角膜直径;同时选择年龄和性别相匹配的同龄正常婴幼儿每年龄段10例20眼作为对照组,比较两组之间的差异。结果:各年龄段术后患儿平均眼轴长度分别为20.48±0.13,20.82±0.23,21.69±0.17,22.09±0.25,22.50±0.34mm;与同年龄对照组进行比较,比正常婴幼儿眼轴长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);平均角膜直径分别为10.06±0.31,10.32±0.33,10.40±0.38,10.45±0.39,10.94±0.40mm,与同年龄对照组进行比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:婴儿早期行先天性白内障摘除手术后至2.5岁阶段,眼轴长度较同龄正常婴幼儿眼轴发育快;而角膜直径较同龄正常婴幼儿基本相同。

Abstract:

·AIM:To observe the changes of axial length and corneal diameter after cataract extraction in infants with congenital cataract.·METHODS:A total of 49 patients(89 eyes including 9 unilateral eyes)with congenital cataract,who had undergone cataract extraction,anterior and posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and anterior vitrectomy within 3 months after birth,were included.Patients were divided into five groups based on their ages at follow-up:6 months group,12 months group,18 months group,24 months group and 30 months group.The axial length and corneal diameter in each follow-up were measured.The changes of axial length and corneal diameter were analyzed and compared with those of normal age-and sex-matched infants.·RESULTS:The mean axial length from 6 months group to 30 months group was 20.48±0.13,20.82±0.23,21.69±0.17,22.09±0.25 and 22.50±0.34mm respectively.There was statistically significant difference compared with those of normal age-matched infants(P<0.05).The mean corneal diameter was 10.06±0.31,10.32±0.33,10.40±0.38,10.45±0.39 and 10.94±0.40mm,respectively in the five groups.There was no statistically significant difference compared with those of normal age-and sex-matched infants(P>0.05).·CONCLUSION:Cataract extraction,anterior and posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and anterior vitrectomy for infants with congenital cataract in their early childhood are safe and effective.There are significant changes in axial length,but little change in corneal diameter compared with those of normal infants.·